TYPHOID SERO SURVEILLANCE
Background
A population-based initiative that uses serological testing to detect antibodies such as HlyE, LPS, or Vi, in blood samples, including dried blood spots, to estimate both current and past Salmonella Typhi infections. By identifying subclinical or previously undiagnosed cases often missed by traditional blood culture methods, the study provides more accurate estimates of typhoid seroincidence and seroprevalence in communities.
Aim
The aim of this collaborative project is to conduct a pilot implementation of a national wastewater-based surveillance for multi-pathogens in Ghana.
Objective
- Understand Antibody Response Dynamics
Track how antibody levels (e.g., to HlyE and lipopolysaccharide antigens) rise and fall after infection—by modeling rise, peak, and decay phases in confirmed cases. - Estimate Community Infection Rates (Seroincidence)
Use these antibody kinetics to infer population-level infection rates—capturing both clinical and subclinical cases—based on cross-sectional antibody data. - Compare to Clinical Surveillance Data
Compare seroincidence with traditional blood culture–based incidence to evaluate underreporting and diagnostic sensitivity in surveillance systems. - Inform Policy and Interventions
Provide data that can guide vaccine introduction strategies and other public health responses based on more complete estimates of typhoid exposure across age groups and communities.
